sábado, 6 de abril de 2013

La esclavitud moderna

Modern slavery: workers labour in poor conditions
In China, recent cases have exposed the widespread exploitation and enslavement of workers with mental illnesses kept in illegal factories. Here, workers without protective clothing incise and polish gypsum ore at a plaster factory in Jingmen in central Hubei province
Modern slavery: Child Trafficking & Child Labour : Talibes in Ivory Coast
Talibé children begging in the streets of Korogho, Ivory Coast. Talibé children, almost exclusively boys, live and study in Koranic schools across west Africa. In return for their studies, many are forced to beg on the streets. Anti-Slavery International estimates there are more than 50,000 Talibé children forced into begging gangs. Many of the boys have been sent or trafficked from nearby countries such as Mali and Burkina Faso, and live in squalid conditions, poorly nourished and subject to physical and emotional abuse if they fail to meet their ‘quota’ from begging
Modern slavery: A child bride cowers at her husband's feet
Every year an estimated 10 million girls, some as young as seven or eight, become child brides. Child marriage is one of the least-acknowledged forms of modern slavery, yet many girls married in childhood face a life of sexual and domestic servitude, and are highly vulnerable to domestic violence, lack of access to education and health services, and have no economic opportunities or freedom of movement
Modern slavery: Haitian street children and restaveks
Hundreds of thousands of very young children have been handed over to host families in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, by poor parents lured by the promise of a better life. Instead, many of the children are denied an education, forced to undertake hard, menial jobs and live in conditions of virtual slavery. When they reach 15, the legal age of work, they are often thrown out on to the streets and replaced with younger children
Modern slavery: enslaved by debt - Guarani Indians in Bolivia
The global sex trade has been an increasing focus for anti-slavery campaigners, but other forms of modern slavery affecting much larger numbers of people, such as bonded labour, still go largely unrecognised. Millions become bonded labourers after falling into debt. Forced to work for free, many will never pay off their loans, with debts passed down to successive generations. In the Chuguisaca district in Bolivia, bonded labourers from the indigenous Guarani community work on plantations, living in conditions of slavery with no payment for their work
Modern slavery: prostitutes in a brothel in the Czech Republic
In the past decade, the extent of trafficking for sexual exploitation has started to become apparent, highlighting one of the most visible and reported manifestations of modern slavery. Some estimates put the value of trafficking in women and girls for sexual exploitation at more than $7bn a year, although data on this complex criminal industry is hard to quantify. Europe, particularly eastern Europe, is a huge transit and destination region for those trafficked. According to the Czech Institute of Criminology, 5% to 10% of females who are trafficked in the Czech Republic are underage
Modern-day slavery: illegal immigrants in a greenhouse
Modern slavery is intricately linked with globalised labour markets and migration flows across countries and continents. Poverty, lack of opportunity, violence and conflict uproot millions of people every year, forcing them to look for work outside their own community or country. The line between exploitation and slavery is often hard to distinguish, with people finding themselves trapped in forced labour conditions, having their documents taken by 'employers' and working off debts incurred on their journey. Here, illegal immigrants from Guinea Bissau work in a greenhouse in Andalucia, Spain
Modern slavery: illegal wood charcoal camp in Amazon, Brazil
The International Labour Organisation (ILO) conservatively estimates that around 21 million people are trapped in in some form of slavery. Slave labour props up both legal and illegal industry and commerce throughout the world. In Brazil, illegal charcoal camps in the Amazon use slave labour to harvest rainforest wood to power smelters used to make steel for industries such as car manufacturing

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